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Moscow, the capital of Russia, is the country's most populous city, with about 10.4 million residents at roughly 56 degrees north latitude. It keeps Moscow Standard Time at UTC+3 and does not observe daylight saving, so local clocks stay three hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time throughout the year. Its high northern latitude produces pronounced seasonal swings in daylight, with long summer days and short winter ones, even though the clock offset itself never changes. Moscow's fixed UTC+3 serves as the reference time for much of western Russia, and its steadiness avoids the seasonal transitions the country abolished.